Inhloso yezitshalo ze-asphalt ukukhiqiza i-hot mix asphalt. Lezi zitshalo zisebenzisa ama-aggregate, isihlabathi, itiyela nezinye izinto ezinjalo ngobuningi obukhethekile ukukhiqiza itiyela, elibizwa nangokuthi i-blacktop noma ukhonkolo we-asphalt.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesitshalo sokuxuba i-asphalt ukuthi sishisisa ama-aggregate bese siyixuba nebitumen nezinye izinto ezinamathelayo ukuze kukhiqizwe itiyela elixutshwayo elishisayo. Inani kanye nemvelo ye-aggregate incike ezidingweni ezithile. Kungaba impahla enosayizi owodwa noma inhlanganisela yezinto eziningi ezinosayizi abahlukahlukene, kanye nengxube yezinhlayiya ezinhle nezimahhadla.
Izinhlobo Zezitshalo Ze-Asphalt
Ukusebenza kwezitshalo ze-asphalt kuphinde kuncike ohlotsheni lwezitshalo ze-asphalt. Ngokuvamile, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezinkulu zezitshalo ze-asphalt. Inhloso eyisisekelo yazo zonke lezi zinhlobo uku khiqiza i-hot mix asphalt. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko obalulekile phakathi kwalezi zitshalo ngokwendlela ezifinyelela ngayo imiphumela efiselekayo kanye nasekusebenzeni jikelele.
1. I-Batch Mix Plant
Kunezici ezimbalwa ezihilelekile esitshalweni se-batch ye-asphalt concrete. Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ngezitshalo ezinjalo ukusetshenziswa kwemigqomo ye-aggregate feeder bin ukuze kugcinwe futhi kuphakelwe ama-aggregate ezingxenyeni ezihlukene ngokobukhulu bazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banebhande lokuphakelayo elisizayo ngaphansi komgqomo ngamunye.
I-conveyor isetshenziselwa ukususa ama-aggregate ukusuka kwesinye isihambisi ukuya kwesinye. Ekugcineni, yonke impahla idluliselwa esigubhini esomile. Kodwa-ke, ama-aggregate kufanele adlule esikrinini esidlidlizayo ukuze aqinisekise ukususwa okufanele kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo.
Isigubhu esomisayo siqukethe iyunithi yokushisa yokukhipha umswakama kanye nokushisisa ama-aggregate ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokuhlanganisa. I-elevator isetshenziselwa ukuthwala ama-aggregate phezulu kombhoshongo. Umbhoshongo unamayunithi amathathu amakhulu: isikrini esidlidlizayo, imigqomo eshisayo kanye neyunithi yokuxuba. Uma ama-aggregate esehlukaniswa isikrini esidlidlizayo ngokosayizi wawo, agcinwa okwesikhashana ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-hot bin.
Imigqomo eshisayo igcina isamba emigqonyeni ehlukene isikhathi esithile bese idedela kuyunithi yokuxuba. Lapho izilinganiso zikalwa futhi zikhululwa, itiyela nezinye izinto ezibalulekile kuvame ukukhishelwa eyunithi yokuxuba.
Emikhakheni eminingi yezimboni, ukufaka amadivayisi okulawula ukungcoliswa komoya kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusimama kanye ne-eco-friendly yezitshalo ze-asphalt. Ngokuvamile, amayunithi okuhlunga isikhwama asetshenziselwa ukubamba izinhlayiya zothuli. Uthuli luvame ukusetshenziswa futhi ku-aggregate elevator.
2. Drum Mix Plant
Izitshalo ze-asphalt zokuxuba izigubhu zinokufana okuningi nezitshalo ze-batch mix. Imigqomo ebandayo isetshenziswa ezitshalweni zokuxuba izigubhu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo iyafana nesitshalo sokuxuba inqwaba kuze kube yilapho izilinganiso zingena kusigubhu ngemva kokudlula esikrinini esidlidlizayo ukuze zihlukanise ngokwesisekelo sosayizi bazo.
I-dram inemisebenzi emibili eyinhloko: ukomisa nokuxuba. Ingxenye yokuqala yesigubhu isetshenziselwa ukushisa ama-aggregate. Okwesibili, ama-aggregate ahlanganiswe nebitumen nezinye izinto zokuhlunga. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-drum mix asphalt plant iyisitshalo sokuxuba okuqhubekayo. Ngakho-ke, iziqukathi zosayizi omncane noma into efanelekile isetshenziselwa ukubamba i-asphalt eshisayo exubekile.
Njengoba itiyela lixutshwa kamuva lapho likhiqizwa, liqala ligcinwe emathangeni ahlukene bese lifakwa engxenyeni yesibili yesigubhu. Kubalulekile ukugcina izinga eliphezulu lomoya ukuze ugweme ukungcola. Ngale njongo, amadivayisi okulawula ukungcoliswa komhlaba afana nezihlungi ezimanzi noma izihlungi zezikhwama ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ezitshalweni ze-asphalt ezixube izigubhu.
Kusobala ukuthi zombili lezi zinhlobo zezitshalo zinezingxenye ezithile ezifanayo kanye nezinqubo zokusebenza. Isibonelo, imigqomo yokudla ibalulekile kuzo zombili izitshalo ze-batch neziqhubekayo. Ngokufanayo, isikrini esidlidlizayo sibalulekile kulo lonke uhlobo lwesitshalo se-asphalt. Ezinye izingxenye zezitshalo njengezikheshi zamabhakede, amayunithi okuxuba njengezigubhu, ama-hoppers anesisindo, amathange okugcina, izihlungi zezikhwama kanye nekhabethe lokulawula nakho kubalulekile kuzo zombili isitshalo se-batch mix kanye nesitshalo sokuxuba imigqomo.
Inhloso yokuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ezinkulu zezitshalo ze-asphalt ukukhombisa ukuthi zombili izinhlobo zezitshalo zikhiqiza ama-asphalt ashisayo ekhwalithi enhle, ngisho noma zisebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene.
Uhlobo lwesitshalo se-asphalt inkampani efuna ukusisungula luncike kakhulu ezidingweni zabo zebhizinisi, isabelomali kanye nemithetho nemithethonqubo yonke yendawo yezimboni. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe
Isifinyezo
Izitshalo ze-asphalt zikhiqiza i-asphalt eshisayo exubile zisebenzisa ama-aggregates, isihlabathi, itiyela nezinye izinto. Inqubo ihilela ukushisisa ama-aggregate bese uwaxuba netiyela ukuze kwakheke itiyela. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezitshalo ze-asphalt: i-batch mix kanye ne-drum mix.
Izitshalo ze-batch mix zikhiqiza i-asphalt ngamaqoqo, zisebenzisa inqubo enezinyathelo eziningi ehlanganisa okokuphakelayo okubandayo, izikrini ezidlidlizayo, namayunithi okuxuba. Izitshalo zokuxuba izigubhu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zisebenza ngokuqhubekayo, zihlanganisa ukomisa nokuxuba esigubhini esisodwa. Zombili izinhlobo zezitshalo zinikeza i-asphalt yekhwalithi ephezulu, ngokuzikhethela kuye ngezidingo zebhizinisi, isabelomali, nemithethonqubo.
