Injongo yezityalo ze-asphalt kukuvelisa i-asphalt yomxube oshushu. Ezi zityalo zisebenzisa iaggregates, isanti, ibhitumene kunye nezinye izinto ezilolo hlobo ingakumbi ukuvelisa iasphalt, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiblacktop okanye ikhonkrithi yeasphalt.
Umsebenzi ophambili wesityalo sokuxuba i-asphalt kukuba ifudumeza i-aggregates kwaye emva koko ixutywe ne-bitumen kunye nezinye izinto ezincamathelayo ukuvelisa i-asphalt eshushu yokuxuba. Ubungakanani kunye nobume be-aggregate ixhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile. Inokuba yinto enobungakanani obunye okanye indibaniselwano yezinto ezininzi ezinobungakanani obahlukeneyo, kunye nomxube wamasuntswana amahle narhaxa.
Iintlobo zezityalo ze-asphalt
Ukusebenza kwezityalo ze-asphalt kukwaxhomekeke kuhlobo lwezityalo ze-asphalt. Ngokubanzi, zimbini iindidi eziphambili zezityalo ze-asphalt. Injongo esisiseko yazo zonke ezi ntlobo ku velisa i-asphalt yomxube oshushu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iiyantlukwano eziphambili phakathi kwezi zityalo malunga nendlela ezifikelela ngayo iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi.
1. I-Batch Mix Plant
Kukho iinkalo ezininzi ezibandakanyekayo kwisityalo somxube we-asphalt concrete. Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu malunga nezityalo ezinjalo kukusetyenziswa kwemigqomo ye-aggregate feeder yokugcina kunye nokondla i-aggregates kumacandelo ahlukeneyo ngokobukhulu bawo. Ukongeza, banebhanti yezondla ezincedisayo ngezantsi komgqomo ngamnye.
Umhambisi usetyenziselwa ukushenxisa iaggregates ukusuka komnye umhambisi ukuya komnye. Ekugqibeleni, zonke izinto eziphathekayo zidluliselwa kumbhobho wokomisa. Nangona kunjalo, ii-aggregates kufuneka zidlule kwiscreen sokungcangcazela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukususwa ngokufanelekileyo kwemathiriyeli enkulu.
Umgqomo wokomisa uquka iyunithi yokutshisa ukususa ukufuma kunye nokutshisa i-aggregates ukuqinisekisa ubushushu obuphezulu bokuxuba. I-elevator isetyenziselwa ukuthwala i-aggregates ukuya phezulu kwinqaba. Inqaba ineeyunithi ezintathu eziphambili: isikrini esingcangcazelayo, imigqomo eshushu kunye neyunithi yokuxuba. Nje ukuba ii-aggregates zohlulwe sisikrini esingcangcazelayo ngokobungakanani bazo, zigcinwa okwethutyana kumacandelo ahlukeneyo abizwa ngokuba yimigqomo eshushu.
Imigqomo eshushu igcina i-aggregate kwimigqomo eyahlukeneyo kangangexesha elithile kwaye emva koko ikhulule kwiyunithi yokuxuba. Xa ii-aggregates zilinganiswa kwaye zikhululwa, ibhitumene kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo zihlala zikhutshelwa kwiyunithi yokuxuba ngokunjalo.
Kuninzi lwamacandelo emizi-mveliso, ukufakela izixhobo zokulawula ukungcoliseka komoya kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe uzinzo kunye ne-eco-friendlyness yezityalo ze-asphalt. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iiyunithi zokucoca ingxowa zisetyenziselwa ukubambisa amasuntswana othuli. Uthuli luhlala lusetyenziswa kwakhona kwi-aggregate elevator.
2. Isixhobo sokuxuba igubu
Izityalo ze-asphalt zokuxuba idrum zineento ezininzi ezifanayo kwizityalo zomxube webhetshi. Imigqomo ebandayo isetyenziswa kwizityalo zokuxuba amagubu. Ngaphezu koko, inkqubo iyafana nesityalo somxube we-batch de i-aggregates ingene kwi-drum emva kokuhamba ngesikrini sokungcangcazela ukuze izahlule ngesiseko sobukhulu bazo.
Idram inemisebenzi emibini ephambili: ukomisa kunye nokuxuba. Inxalenye yokuqala yegubu isetyenziselwa ukutshisa i-aggregates. Okwesibini, i-aggregates ixutywe nebhitumene kunye nezinye izinto zokucoca. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-drum mix asphalt plant sisityalo esiqhubekayo sokuxuba. Ke ngoko, izikhongozeli ezincinci okanye izinto ezifanelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukubamba i-asphalt yomxube oshushu.
Ekubeni i-bitumen ixutywe kwinqanaba elilandelayo lemveliso, igcinwa kuqala kwiitanki ezihlukeneyo kwaye ifakwe kwinxalenye yesibini yesigubhu. Kubalulekile ukugcina umgangatho womoya uphezulu ukunqanda ungcoliseko. Ngenxa yale njongo, izixhobo zokulawula ungcoliseko ezifana nezikhuhla ezimanzi okanye izihluzi zeengxowa zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwimigqomo yezityalo ze-asphalt.
Kucacile ukuba zombini ezi ntlobo zezityalo zineenxalenye ezifanayo kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza. Umzekelo, imigqomo yokutya ibalulekile kuzo zombini iibhetshi kunye nezityalo eziqhubekayo. Ngokufanayo, isikrini sokungcangcazela sibalulekile kulo lonke uhlobo lwesityalo se-asphalt. Ezinye iindawo zezityalo ezifana nezinyusi zeebhakethi, iiyunithi zokuxuba ezifana neegubhu, iihoppers zobunzima, iitanki zokugcina, izihluzi zengxowa kunye nekhabhinethi yokulawula nazo zibalulekile kuzo zombini i-batch mix plant kunye ne-drum mix plant.
Injongo yokwahlula phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini zinkulu zezityalo ze-asphalt kukubonisa ukuba zombini iintlobo zezityalo zivelisa i-asphalt yomxube oshushu osemgangathweni, nokuba zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo.
Uhlobo lwesityalo se-asphalt esifunwa yinkampani sixhomekeke kakhulu kwiimfuno zabo zoshishino, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nemithetho kunye nemimiselo yonke yendawo yoshishino. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi
Isishwankathelo
Izityalo ze-asphalt zivelisa i-asphalt yomxube oshushu usebenzisa i-aggregates, isanti, ibhitumene kunye nezinye izinto. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukufudumeza i-aggregates kunye nokuzixuba nebhitumene ukwenza i-asphalt. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezityalo ze-asphalt: i-batch mix kunye ne-drum mix.
Izityalo zokuxuba i-Batch zivelisa i-asphalt kwiibhetshi, zisebenzisa inkqubo enamanyathelo amaninzi aquka i-cold aggregate feeders, izikrini ezingcangcazelayo, kunye neeyunithi zokuxuba. Izityalo zokuxuba i-drum, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zisebenza ngokuqhubekayo, zidibanisa ukomisa kunye nokuxuba kwidrama enye. Zombini iintlobo zezityalo zibonelela nge-asphalt ekumgangatho ophezulu, kunye nokukhetha kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zoshishino, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nemimiselo.
